Maize and sugar cane are members of the same this subfamily. In this document, domesticated sorghum refers to s. Assessment of sugars along the stem revealed maximum sugar accumulation in the upper intermediate to upper internodes in most of the. Sugargraze and nutrifeed varieties produce good highquality silage. Holou andgene stevens university of missouridelta center, p. Growth characteristics also vary depending on the location grown, inputs, and agronomic practices. Mar 14, 2010 the productivity of sorghum is mainly determined by quantitative traits such as grain yield and stem sugar related characteristics. The sorghum bicolor genome and the diversification of grasses. We have investigated qtl associated with the sugar. Variations in sugar content at different growth stages and among. Plant biosystems an international journal dealing with all aspects of plant biology. In africa it comes second after maize in terms of production.
Moench for manufacture of biofuels and bioproducts gillian eggleston marsha cole brett andrzejewski received. Pdf association analysis of sugar yieldrelated traits in. Breeding strategies for the adaptation of sorghum sorghum. A substantial variation of sugar content and related traits is known to exist in us sweet sorghum. Sorghum has become the fifth most cultivated cereal crop in the world 9. This item 50 mennonite sorghum sugar cane sorghum bicolor grain vegetable seeds.
In recipes that call for molasses, you can generally replace it with sorghum. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. The productivity of sorghum is mainly determined by quantitative traits such as grain yield and stem sugar related characteristics. Evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved sweet sorghum sorghum bicolor varieties in the guinea savanna zone of ghana article pdf available november 2014. This document provides an overview of baseline biological information relevant to risk assessment of genetically modified forms of the species that may be released into the. Evaluation of performance of sorghum varieties grown in tokyo for. Association analysis of sugar yieldrelated traits in sorghum sorghum bicolor l. Moench is an indigenous crop to africa, and though commercial needs and uses may change over time, sorghum will remain a basic staple food for many rural communities.
The gene complement of sorghum among 34,496 sorghum gene models, we found,27,640 bona fide proteincoding genes by combining homologybased and ab initio gene prediction methods with expressed sequences from sorghum, cen38. Sorghum sorghum bicolor includes widely diverse types of annual and perennial types. Genotypes under two water regimes for sugar and bioethanol production. The estimated world area of sorghum in 1972 was 40 mha, the largest areas being in india 16 mha and africa 10. New commercially viable processing technologies for the. A stickysweet coating can make popcorn even more delicious than it always is, and this sorghum caramel corn is the perfect recipe to sink your teeth into. Juice, sugar, and bagasse response of sweet sorghum sorghum bicolor l. Be cause of its efficient conversion of atmospheric co. However, the level of glucose and sucrose was higher in the embryos and endosperm after stress treatments than in the controls. In northern ghana a dish called waakye waache is prepared in which rice and beans are cooked with sorghum bicolor leaves to give a reddish color to the dish.
Evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved sweet sorghum sorghum bicolor varieties in the guinea savanna zone of ghana article pdf available november 2014 with 2,036 reads how we. Sorghum, sorghum bicolor l moench, is the fifth most important cereal after rice, wheat, maize, and barley. Right from 16th century there were number of classification for the genus sorghum. Sweet sorghum is any of the many varieties of the sorghum grass whose stalks have a high sugar content. Moench stems at physiological maturity stage liu yang1, 2, dun baoqing 1, zhao xiangna1, yue meiqi1, lu ming, li guiying1, 1institute of crop science, research center for biomass energy, chinese academy of agricultural sciences. Based upon these results a possible physiological role of sugars in germination of sorghum seeds was suggested. You can change the display of the base map and layers by clicking on the layer control box in the upper righthand corner. Pdf changes in germination, growth and soluble sugar. Overexpression of sbmyb60 in sorghum bicolor impacts both. Sorghum bicolor is grown for grain, forage, syrup, sugar, as a medicinal plant, and as a colorant. Sorghum grain is the fifth most important cereal in the world.
Evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved sweet sorghum sorghum bicolor varieties. Sorghum bicolor is a drought tolerant c4 grass used for production of grain, forage, sugar, and lignocellulosic biomass and a genetic model for c4 grasses due to its relatively small genome 800 mbp, diploid genetics, diverse germplasm, and colinearity with other c4 grass genomes. Sorghum is known as guineacorn, dawa, or sorgho in west africa, durra in. When substituting sorghum in place of sugar, use more sorghum than the amount of sugar called for in the recipe and decrease the amount of liquids by. Technical report on the notification of syrup from sorghum. Sorghum syrup is lower in total sugar but higher in fructose, making it sweeter than molasses. Expression of cell wall invertase and several other genes. Juice, ethanol, and grain yield potential of five sweet. Correlation analysis between the key enzymes activities and. A the sorghum morphotypes or races and their geographic 4. Effects of the genotype and environment interaction on sugar accumulation in sweet sorghum varieties sorghum bicolor l. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.
Sorghum races bicolor, durra, caudatum, kafir and guinea 3 fig. In the midwest and parts of the southern states of the usa, the juice of sweet sorghum is heated, clarified by skimming, and concentrated into. Correlation analysis between the key enzymes activities and sugar content in sweet sorghum sorghum bicolor l. A summary of the notification on syrup from sorghum bicolor l. Colored upright sorghums seeds heirloom untreated cornornamental.
Box 160, portageville, mo, 63873, usa abstract the objective of this research was to determine the optimum nitrogen fertilizer rate for producing. Ethanol production from sorghum bicolor using both. Morphological and molecular characterization of sweet, grain. Sorghum, with large juicy stems containing as much as 10% sucrose, used in manufacture of syrup. Qtls for sugar content of stalk in sweet sorghum sorghum bicolor. Most varieties are drought and heattolerant, and are especially important in arid regions, where the grain is one. It is adapted to a wide range of environments, so it is being developed as a viable crop for the production of sugar derived biofuels and biobased chemicals. Sorghum bicolor belongs to the panicoideae which is a subfamily of the poaceae formerly known as the gramineae.
Changes in germination, growth and soluble sugar contents of sorghum bicolor l. Sorghum seeds are utilized for both human and animal feed, and cultivars are processed for syrup, sugar, and alcohol. Pdf potential of some sweet sorghum sorghum bicolor l. To determine how sbmyb60 overexpression impacts other metabolic pathways, rnaseq and metabolite pro.
Sweet sorghum thrives better under drier and warmer conditions than many other crops and is grown primarily for forage, silage, and syrup production. Sweet varieties of sorghum are being used as a bioenergy crop. It constitutes the main food grain for over 750 million people who live in the semiarid tropics of africa, asia, and latin america. One species, sorghum bicolor, native to africa with many cultivated forms now, is an important crop worldwide, used for food as grain and in sorghum syrup or sorghum molasses, animal fodder, the production of alcoholic beverages, and biofuels.
Varieties of s bicolor, known as grain sorghum, are cultivated for human food and animal feed. Certain varieties, known as sweet sorghum, concentrate sugar in the pith cells of. Sorghum syrup would be a concentrated form of sugar and it would most likely be high glycemic because there wouldnt be any nutrients to slow down the digestion of the sugar. Juice, sugar, and bagasse response of sweet sorghum. Sorghum cover crops can also be used as livestock forage in a cropping system magdoff.
Sweet sorghum sorghum bicolor is primarily grown for the sweet juice that is extracted from the plants stalks. Moench as a novel crop for temperate europe inaugural dissertation for a doctorate degree in agricultural sciences in the faculty of agricultural sciences, nutritional sciences and environmental management examiners 1. Article pdf available in euphytica 1933 october 20 with 146 reads how we measure reads. Sorghum is a major crop of the world with various uses. Moench is the fifth most important cereal crop in the.
Stalks are crushed and the extracted juice is cooked down to a thick, sticky syrup. The syrup is sometimes incorrectly referred to as sorghum molasses. Reproduced from the series plant resources of southeast asia, by kind permission of the prosea foundation, bogor, indonesia. Pdf evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved.
Previously, the overexpression of sbmyb60 in sorghum sorghum bicolor has been shown to induce monolignol biosynthesis, which leads to elevated lignin deposition and altered cell wall composition. This means that, like any other concentrated form of sugar, it would cause blood sugar issues, making it a poor choice for prediabetics and diabetics. Pathways of soil organic matter formation from above and. Today, genetic mapping and characterization of quantitative trait loci qtls is considered a valuable tool for trait enhancement. College of agriculture navsari agricultural university, navsari 396 450, india. Sweet sorghum sorghum bicolor is a giant grass, somewhat similar in appearance to sugarcane, but able to withstand cooler climates. The plant likely originated in africa, where it is a major food crop, and has numerous varieties, including grain sorghums, used for food. Kowal, department of botany, university of wisconsinmadison. Sorghum grain is used for stockfeed in the new world, japan and europe.
Davids garden seeds sorghum rox orange syrup cane 3374 green 200 non. However, all sorghum and sudangrassrelated species have the potential to smother weeds, suppress nematode species, and penetrate compacted subsoil clark, 2007. Patil, in genetic enhancement of rabi sorghum, 2015. The focus of this document is domesticated sorghum, however sudan grass, sorghum. Additionally, sorghum cultivars have great economic potential as they can be valorized for secondgeneration biofuels to produce environmentfriendly energy vermerris, 2011. The crop is mainly grown in tropical and subtropical areas that are marginal and stress prone. The impact of nitrogen on sweet sorghum sugar content varies with the environment. This feedstock performs superior at many locations in terms of resource use efficiency vis a vis sugarcane, corn and tropical sugar beet and.
The objectives of the study were to assess the genetic diversity and relationship among the us sweet sorghum cultivars and lines using ssr markers and to examine the genetic variability within sweet sorghum accessions for sugar content. Sorghum originated in africa, and is now cultivated widely in tropical and subtropical regions. Germany and maintains its superiority in biomass production and sugar yield over grain and forage sorghum types. Sweetstem sorghum is a multipurpose crop, yielding food in the form of grain, fuel in the form of ethanol from its stem juice, and fodder from its leaves and grain.
Genetic mapping of qtls for sugarrelated traits in a ril. Moench, is an annual or shortterm perennial plant belonging to the same family poaceae as rice, wheat, and corn. Assessment of genetic diversity and relationship among a collection of us sweet sorghum germplasm. Monech is the fifth most important cereal crop worldwide, both in terms of planted area and metric tons harvested. Moench seeds larysa storozhyk1, valery 2mykolayko, iryna mykolayko2 addresses. Nov 21, 2017 sorghum bicolor is a drought tolerant c4 grass used for the production of grain, forage, sugar, and lignocellulosic biomass and a genetic model for c4 grasses due to its relatively small genome approximately 800 mbp, diploid genetics, diverse germplasm, and colinearity with other c4 grass genomes. List of figures and tables vi list of figures and tables fig. Sorghum has a small diploid genome and wide phenotypic diversity which make it an attractive plant for genomic studies. Pdf evaluation of grain and sugar yields of improved sweet. Sweet sorghum will thrive under drier and warmer conditions than many other crops and is grown. It is believed to have originated in africa, particularly in ethiopia and surrounding countries kimber, 2000. Morphological and molecular characterization of sweet, grain and forage sorghum sorghum bicolor l. Sweet sorghum is any of the many varieties of sorghum which have a high sugar content.
Certain varieties, known as sweet sorghum, concentrate sugar in the pith cells of the stalk and are cultivated for sugars and syrups. Produces sugar in the top growth and stores it in the roots and tubers 2. In this study, deep sequencing, genetic linkage analysis, and transcriptome data were used to produce and. When using sorghum instead of molasses, use an equal amount of sorghum but cut the amount of sugar, since sorghum is sweeter than molasses. Substantial crop improvement has been achieved by breeding in the last decades. The crop is a heat and drought tolerant, drylandadapted crop that is generally grown in marginal crop production areas. Transcriptional switch for programmed cell death in pith. One of the decisions to be made in establishing sweet sorghum as a feedstock is the choice of. Sorghum bicolor, ethanol, separate hydrolysis and fermentation shf, simultaneous. This document is intended to provide background information on the biology of cultivated sorghum bicolor, its identity, geographical distribution, reproductive biology and ecology, related species, the potential for gene introgression from s. Moench is cultivated as a major food crop in several countries in south asia, africa, and central america. Sorghum is an ancient cereal grain and was collected 8000 years ago in southern egypt, in a place called nabta playa.
Larysa storozhyk, doctor of agricultural sciences 1institute of bioenergy crops and sugar beet national academy of agricultural sciences of ukraine,department of genetics and biotechnology 25 klinichna st. Sudan grass hybrids, and other cultivated sorghums are also considered. Sorghum is known as guineacorn, dawa, or sorgho in west africa, durra in the sudan. Sweet sorghum stem juice can be used for sugar, sy rup, and ethanol production. Assessment of genetic diversity and relationship among a. The latter is especially true in the more drought prone areas of south africa where this hardy crop provides better household food security than maize. Clarke, in encyclopedia of food sciences and nutrition second edition, 2003. For halloween happiness, this recipe begins with simple microwave popcorn, then mixes in roasted peanuts, brown sugar, and that classic southern staple.
Article history received 8 july 2018 accepted 8 january 2019 keywords sorghum bicolor. The famous among them is snowdens classification 1936 later refined by garber 1950 and by dogget. The bagasse is also used as forage or as raw material for the paper industry 7. Pdf association analysis of sugar yieldrelated traits.
Common sorghum varieties include grain sorghum, forage sorghum, biomass sorghum, and sweet sorghum 10. Sorghum is the worlds fifthmost important cereal crop after. Morphological and molecular characterization of sweet. Breeding strategies for the adaptation of sorghum sorghum bicolor l. Biomass and sugar content of some varieties of sorghum. Past production has been small quantities for table syrup 1.